Sir Francis
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter [?] (1545-1596)
A British explorer, slave-trader, privateer (a pirate working for a
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter ) in the service of England, and naval officer (he was an Admiral). Drake led the
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter expedition to sail around the world in a voyage lasting from 1577 to 1580 (Magellan led the first voyage around the world).
Sir
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter Raleigh (1554-1618)
A British explorer, poet, historian, and soldier. He led expeditions to both North
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter and South America; he was trying to found new settlements, find
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter , and increase trade with the New World. In 1585, Raleigh sent colonists to the east coast of North America; Raleigh later named that area Virginia, in honour of
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter , the Virgin Queen.
He is often credited with bringing tobacco and
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter from the New World to Britain. Raleigh was later executed by King James I for treason.
James Cook (1728-1779)
A British explorer and astronomer who went on many expeditions to the
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter Ocean, Antarctic, Arctic, and around the world.
Cook's first journey was from 1768 to 1771, when he sailed to Tahiti and then to
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter . Cook's second expedition (1772-1775) took him to Easter Island. Cook's last expedition (1776-1779) was a search for a Northwest Passage across North America to Asia. Cook was killed by a mob on in 1779, on the Sandwich Islands (
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter ). At the time, he was trying to take the local
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter hostage to get the natives to return a sailboat they had stolen.
Cook was the first ship's captain to stop the
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter scurvy (now known to be caused by a lack of vitamin C) among sailors by providing them with fresh
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter . Before this, scurvy had killed or incapacitated many sailors on long trips.
John Franklin (1786-1847)
English explorer and Admiral who proved the existence of a
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter Passage (a water route from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean through Canada). In 1845 he sailed from England with an expedition of 128 men to
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter . The ship became trapped in
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter , and the desperate, freezing and starving survivors resorted to
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter [?] . Scottish explorer John Rae said that Franklin and his expedition had died of
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter and exposure in the Arctic. Lead poisoning from poorly-canned food may have also hastened their death.
David
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter (1813-1873)
He was a British missionary and explorer who explored the interior of
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter . He arrived as a
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter in Africa in 1841, but began to explore the land in 1853. For over two decades he travelled over land, walking across the continent, and exploring the Zambezi River. He searched for the source of the
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter . Livingstone was the first European to see the enormous Victoria Falls.
Livingstone was thought to be dead (because of rumours started by deserters of his expedition), but the American reporter Henry M.
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter was sent to Africa to find Livingstone. Stanley found him (1872) and brought him needed food and medicine, then left to recount the tale to readers. Livingstone died a year later in Africa; his
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter [?] was buried there, but his body was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, England, after an 8-month journey.
Ernest Shackleton (1872-1922)
A British explorer (born in Ireland) and member of the Royal Naval Reserve. Shackleton was involved in many expeditions attempting to reach the
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter . Shackleton's first voyage was with Captain Robert Falcon
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter and Edward Wilson (on the British National Antarctic Discovery Expedition 1901-1904)
In 1907-1909, Shackleton led the British Antarctic (Nimrod) Expedition.
1914 he planned to cross Antarctica but drifted at sea for 10 months - and then their ship
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter was crushed by pack ice in 1915. The crew escaped to
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter (in the South Shetland Islands); Shackleton and a few others went over 800 miles for help in a life boat, and eventually rescued the others.
,
Robert Falcon Scott (1868-1912)
A British naval officer and Antarctic explorer. Scott led two expeditions to the South Pole, and
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter on the disastrous second trip, along with his crew. His
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter was the second to reach the South Pole (1910-1912)
Sir Ranulph
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter (1944 - )
An English explorer and author who has led over
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter expeditions to the North and South Poles the desert, the Nile, and many other remote places. In 1982, Fiennes led the first polar circumnavigation of the Earth.
In 1992, Fiennes and others found the legendary Lost City of Ubar in the desert of Oman.
In 1993, Fiennes and Dr. Mike Stroud made the first
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter walk across the continent of Antarctica, each man dragging a 500-pound sledge. Fiennes holds many world exploration records. The Guiness Book of
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter described Fiennes as "the world's greatest living explorer."
30 Africa America Australia Canada cannibalism chief died disease Drake Elephant Island Elizabeth Endurance expedition Fiennes fruits gold government Hawaii heart ice Livingstone missionary Nile River Northwest Pacific potatoes Records Scott second South Pole Stanley starvation unsupported Walter